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Strategic management of Adam Aircraft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words
Vital administration of Adam Aircraft - Essay Example In this paper, a SWOT investigation and the Five Porter Forces of Adam Aircraft wil...
Wednesday, August 26, 2020
Strategic management of Adam Aircraft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words
Vital administration of Adam Aircraft - Essay Example In this paper, a SWOT investigation and the Five Porter Forces of Adam Aircraft will be examined just as the vital administration utilized by the organization so as to enhance its presentation. The SWOT investigation will be carried on the organization to decide the purposes for its prosperity, disappointments and to decide the administration procedures utilized for the organization to wander into the effectively serious market. For instance, the market had been very urgent for items like plane performing immaculately overhead thus this paper will investigate whether Adam Aircraft had the option to prevail from where different organizations had fizzled. Presentation This paper is about the vital administration of Adam Aircraft. Adam Aircraft fabricates plans and in the end means on selling airplanes in the aviation/flight industry. Rick Adam is the fruitful business person behind this organization and has recognized a need in the market which made him adventure into this industry. He has worked with PC architects and pilots and this gave a knowledge of knowing the client or the market needs. For this situation, Rick Adam depicts himself as a furious incrementalist who has decided to made a stride by step in developments. Showcasing of planes has high obstructions to passage and exceptionally requires huge measures of capital because of the severe and over the top expensive approaches which are directed by the pertinent specialists. Rick recognized all the traps of being a plane assembling in the business and these incorporate structure, planning, financing and long haul confirmation process. Rick likewise investigations the reasons with respect to why numerous organizations have bombed in attempting to enter the market and why different organizations succeed. From these statistical surveying forms, Rick had the option to find new manners by which he would move toward the airplane business subsequently the achievement of Adam Aircraft. Adam Aircraft is an ideal case of an organization in the aviation/avionics industry which has challenged all chances in the business by getting away from obstacles like rivalry from key players and innovation funding to a state of progress where it made A700 and A500. 2. SWOT investigation Strengths The capacity to have extraordinary thoughts on the best way to dispatch another airplane in front of it contenders is a solidarity to Adam Aircraft The ten part official group of Adam Aircraft are practiced pilots and specialists and with numerous years involvement with the flying business. These practiced pilots and specialists have kept on building a huge amount of planes for the organization Th e organization comprehended that the best way to fund its new task spending plan is to cut on the improvement costs by at any rate 5% Adam Aircraft comprehended that the advancement of another plane undertaking needs splendid designing and the advancement of a culture which is unheard in the avionics business The organization has had an enormous client base since the time it flew its A500 The organization anticipates acquainting A700 which will lead with a decrease in the expense per seat to a level where the normal business voyager could manage the cost of the administration. Rick is an expert in software engineering and IT this caused him to obtain
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Falstaff Essay Example For Students
Falstaff Essay Falstaff: Lion or LoonIn Maurice Morgans ?The Dramatic Character of Falstaff?, he gives us a basic understanding of the Shakespearian character, Sir John Falstaff, taking a gander at him according to each perspective however a Laymans one. He sums up Falstaff not completely, including cites from Henry IV, Part Two and not as much from Henry IV, Part One, which gives more data about ?Old Johns? character (in the main scene with Falstaffs character) from the earliest starting point, yet rather remains concentrated on what prompts his shocking destiny. Morgan begins by giving us his proposition proclamation, which is addressing of whether Falstaff was a quitter or on the off chance that he was a brave character. This is the thing that I figured the article would be for the most part clarifying; I wasn't right. Morgan appears to go off on digressions, setting Falstaffs character in abnormal situations by contrasting and making relations between different characters in Shakespeares chroni cled plays. He makes an odd point by advising the peruser to take a gander at each man as two characters, rebuttaling what his objective for the article is to be. ?Each man we may watch, has two characters; that is, each man might be seen remotely, and from without;- or an area might be made of him, and he might be lit up inside? (Morgan 88). There were valid statements as well, similar to when he characterizes what mental fortitude and weakness were in Shakespeares time, which I thought was instructive: ?Personal boldness might be determined, particularly in the wake of having recognized that he appeared to have abandoned those purposes of respect, which are all the more exceptionally the backups of rank. Yet, it might be seen that in Feudal ages rank and riches were associated with the purpose of respect, however with individual quality and normal courage?(Morgan 88). I need to state, Morgan does a superb activity of finishing up Falstaffs activities with his clever character and requirement for consideration yet when he attempts to return to the subject of ?weakling or gutsy?, he at that point changes to another theme. This was baffling since Morgan made some superb focuses yet appeared to have his thoughts confused. Toward the finish of his paper, I was holding out to peruse if Morgans assessment had a decent completion choice of Falstaffs ?quitter or fearless? character; it didnt. I was disillusioned since I had perused the entirety of his focuses and was hanging tight for the finale. Morgan closed his article with a confounding cry and not a noting blast. Morgan composes, on which the peruser is left to offer what character he satisfies? (Morgan 93). As I would like to think, this is somewhat inconsiderate since Morgan confronted us with an inquiry and didn't have the ?mental fortitude? to answer it himself. With everything taken into account, I trust Morgan has a fantastic handle on Falstaffs character in the later plays, however missed Prince Hals extraordinary portrayal in Henry IV, Part One creation me question his mastery on the topic. Before the finish of perusing this translation, I sensed that I had quite recently experienced an intellectualized wreckage of words that I was left to sort out for survey. Somebody should reveal to Maurice Morgan that the vast majority of his perusers are understudies and not super-learned people. Concerning Falstaff, I thought he was an exceptionally focused character whom, similar to any genuine individual, has numerous sides to them. This is the reason, to me, Shakespeare was an incredible essayist; he knew the human spirits products and shades of malice and how these things are what causes us to flourish and gives us measurements. These measurements are what Falstaff has a lot of (no play on words expected) in his portrayal. I would prefer not to state that Falstaff is a defeatist. Before the finish of Henry IV, Part One, he is the man/character that makes the individuals snicker the most thus they make an individual association with him. Along these lines, it is difficult for any crowd to name him with a dishonorable name since he has given them a couple of cases of joy. Likewise, I have addressed if Shakespeare composed Falstaff to just be a comedic character, discharging him from being a terrible or legend, since most valiant individuals that he depicts sound much more advantageous than Falstaff. All in all, I accept that Morgan has composed a decent work yet not extraordinary. For understudies data, I would just utilize this exposition for a couple of references of Falstaffs character however not for a total reference and not for a basic audit (in particular in the event that you are into self maltreatment). Morgan, Maurice. ?The Dramatic Character of Falstaff?. .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac , .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .postImageUrl , .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac , .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac:hover , .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac:visited , .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac:active { border:0!important; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac:active , .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac:hover { haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u04424 813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u04424813f9ad001d8bd01a3c87d162ac:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Immanuel Kant - Enlightenment EssayEd. Blossom, Harold. Falstaff: A Critical InterpretationChelsea Publishing House, 1992
Friday, August 14, 2020
Treatment Programs for Depressed Teens
Treatment Programs for Depressed Teens Depression Childhood Depression Print Treatment Programs for Teens Experiencing Depression Depressed teens sometimes need residential treatment to heal By Amy Morin, LCSW facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our editorial policy Amy Morin, LCSW Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 02, 2019 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Tetra Images / Getty Images Symptoms of depression often become apparent during adolescence, though teenage depression may look different from depression in adults. A normally active teen may become lethargic. Or a teen who used to enjoy socializing may suddenly become withdrawn. Depression is very treatable with the help of professional intervention. Left untreated, however, depression can get worse and it may affect all areas of your teens life. Their grades may decline, they may stop spending time with friends, and they may have trouble meeting their responsibilities. Its important to be on the lookout for warning signs that your teen may be depressed. If you recognize warning signs, its essential to get professional help which may include outpatient therapy or treatment programs. Overview of Teen Depression Outpatient Therapy Outpatient therapy is often a very effective treatment for depression. Talk therapy may involve helping your teen change the way they think or it could involve changing some of their behavior that reinforces their feelings of depression (like sleeping all day on the weekends). Therapy may also involve the family. A therapist may want to address issues that affect the entire family, like divorce ongoing family conflict. Most of the time, therapy is very helpful in reducing symptoms of depression. Occasionally, however, symptoms dont get better. And they might even get worse. If therapy doesnt work, a teen may need a higher level of care. Why Family Therapy May Be a Good Option for Your Teen When to Consider a Treatment Program It may be time to consider a treatment program for a depressed teen when:They are actively suicidal.They are using drugs or alcohol.Their depressive symptoms significantly impact their ability to function in daily life.They are not responding positively to outpatient therapy or less intensive treatment options. Treatment Programs There are several different types of treatment programs available to teens. A therapist or your teens pediatrician will usually refer your teen to the best program for their case. Day Treatment Programs Day treatment programs, which are ideal for teens who dont need 24-hour care, offer a structured, supportive environment during the day. They can help a teen who is struggling in school or otherwise having significant problems in trying to cope on a daily basis with their depression. Teens may attend for the majority of the day and then return home in the evenings. Often, programs coordinate their school to allow the student to continue their normal daily routine while providing extra support. Day treatment programs offer a variety of services, including: Clinical assessmentIndividual, family, and group therapyRehabilitation activities Residential Programs Residential treatment centers and therapeutic boarding schools are specifically designed to treat mental health disorders. They are staffed to provide constant supervision and therapeutic support. These programs are set up to treat mental health disorders by providing the following services: Academic programmingAn individualized treatment planIndividual and group therapy Psychiatric care, including medicationAlternative therapies, like art therapy or pet therapyDischarge planning Residential programs that may not be well suited for teens with depression, and which in some cases can worsen the symptoms, include wilderness therapy and boot camps, as these programs may not provide adequate mental health support for the treatment of depression. Hospital Programs A depressed teen who is suicidal may need to be admitted to a psychiatric hospital in order to ensure their safety. The primary goal in this setting is to decrease suicidal thoughts by providing structure, medication, and intensive therapy. Hospital stays are short, fast-paced, and intense and most teens need to transition to a residential program for further treatment. Sometimes the hospital treatment can be involuntary. During their stay, teens often participate in activities such as: Academic programsFamily therapy Group therapy Individual therapy Multi-family groupsOccupational, recreational and art therapies Psychological testing What You Should Know Psychiatric Hospitals for Teens Helping Your Teen Cope Donât be surprised if your teen insists nothing is wrong or is resistant to treatment. Many teens are embarrassed, ashamed, afraid, or confused by the symptoms of depression. Be patient and do your best to explain to your teen that there is no shame in seeking help. Be available to listen to their concerns and encourage them to talk to you about any fears they may be having. If your teen outright refuses to get help, you can talk to a therapist to come up with new ideas and skills for helping your teen better cope. The 7 Best Online Help Resources for Depression
Sunday, May 24, 2020
Robin Hood - Case Analysis Questions Free Essay Example, 1000 words
The sheriff was well connected with big people and hence had outside support backing up his personal efforts (Kerzner, 97). 4) Do Robin Hood and the Merrymen need a new plan? Is continuing with the present course of action an option or is that now obsolete? Robin Hood and the Merrymen are getting weaker with time and they have to develop a new plan before the sheriff overpowers them. They must focus on the weakness of the sheriff and capitalize on them in order to defeat the sheriff. The sheriff does not have much support from the people and hence the merry men can try to draw more people to Robin so as to weaken the sheriff further. Robin should make quick decision on how to sustain his group financially and with food for them to remain united. 5) What is your opinion about expanding the bandââ¬â¢s operations to a larger area around Sherwood Forest as a way of solving these problems? Why or why not is this a good idea? Expanding bands operation around the forest is both advantag eous and disadvantageous. It will benefit Robin by having a bigger group of supporters. We will write a custom essay sample on Robin Hood - Case Analysis Questions or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now On the other hand the group might exhaust the forests food resources which might lead to some of his people quitting. 6) Do you think make sense to impose a fixed transit tax to counter the decline in revenues? Why or why not? The bands are experiencing a financially difficult period and they must device a source of income in order to have financial security. It is therefore important that Robin convinces his people on implementing the fixed transit tax. The collected funds will benefit the whole group in terms of achieving the goals of their pursuit. 7) What are the pros and cons of accepting the offer of the Barons to assist in securing King Richardââ¬â¢s release from prison? Do you think this is a good plan? Why or why not? Barons offer to help the release of king Richard is a very good plan and will help Robin attain his dream is defeating the sheriff. If Mr. Richard ends up being released, the sheriff will be depowered since his entire conne ction and assistance form prince John will be terminated. 8) Should they try and end the campaign by killing the sheriff? Why or why not? Killing the sheriff will satisfy the revenge desire but will create more problems for Robin. The authorities who support the sheriff will arrest Robin. The sheriffââ¬â¢s further connection in court will ensure that Robin is punished dearly and his group will remain without a leader and disintegrate. Due to the above reasons, it is not wise to kill the sheriff.
Wednesday, May 13, 2020
Nectar in a Sieve Analysis - 1222 Words
Ashley S. Dela Vià ±a English Nectar in a Sieve Novel Analysis K(What I know about the novel) | W(What I want to know about the novel) | L(What I learn from the novel) | Nectar in a Sieve is an Indian novel written by Kamala Markandaya. It is about a girl who was married at a young age to a farmer. And faced a lot of challenges throughout her life. | I want to know how the protagonist of the story will live her life as a wife. Also the struggles she will face and the things she would do and sacrifice in order to overcome her hardships in life. | Life is naturally hard and disastrous. We just have to learn how to face these disasters in order to succeed and survive. Giving up is not the solution to everything. Hope and perseveranceâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Rukmani is a very strong woman. She has undergone so many struggles but yet, she doesnââ¬â¢t lose hope. The novel has different themes: hunger as threat to dignity, knowledge as power, and importance of fertility. Hunger and poverty is a powerful enemy to someone. People will do everyt hing for fear of hunger, even sacrifice their dignity. Rukmani lost her sons because of hunger. Her elder sons seek new lives in other land; another son was killed for stealing, leaving Rukmani grieving. For fear of hunger her daughter turned to prostitution. She herself almost killed someone for thinking the last piece of their rice was being taken. In the novel, hunger and poverty breeds people who has no dignity. People with knowledge hold power. The tannery won against the workers because they have more knowledge. For Rukmani, white men have power and so she turned to Kenny. Kunthi uses her knowledge of Rukmani and Nathanââ¬â¢s secrets to exercise evil power. Puliââ¬â¢s knowledge of the city helped Rukmani and Nathan to look for their son. The commendable characters in the novel were the ones who apply their knowledge to good deeds. Importance of fertility is shown throughout the novel. Not just the fertility of women but also the fertility of the land. She sought the help of Kenny for fear of infertility and this caused Kunthi to blackmail her. Iraââ¬â¢s problems were also caused by her barrenness. She lost her husband for not being able toShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis : Nectar Of A Sieve1229 Words à |à 5 PagesKamala Markandaya published ââ¬Å"Nectar in a Sieveâ⬠in 1954 in attempts to enlighten the world about how hard it was to live a rural Indian life in that time period. She tells this story through Rukmani, a woman who was given away in marriage at the age of twelve to a poor tenant farmer that she had never met. Rukmani is very obedient to her husband as she helps him work in the unyielding fields and is a wonderful, caring mother to her seven children. The struggles that Markandaya highlights in her bookRead MoreAnalysis Of Nectar In A Sieve By Kamala Markandaya1205 Words à |à 5 PagesMany people look at life as a walk in the park and we take for granted the things that come easy to us.Do we as humans ever stop and think a bout life without all the things we do have? In the story Nectar in a Sieve by Kamala Markandaya this is a true story that shows just how good some of us have it compared to others around the world. This story is placed somewhere in the 20th century this book is mainly about a mother and her children who have to fight for the things they do have and fight toRead MoreThe Theme of Alienation in Kamala Markandayas Fiction.2408 Words à |à 10 Pagesdeath. Her five novels Nectar in a Sieve, Possession, A Handful of Rice, The Nowhere Man and Two Virgins projects the socio-psychological colour of air through this theme and the tragedy cause by it. A Handful of Rice and Nectar in a Sieve depict alienation caused by poverty and cruel treatment by British. Possession and The Nowhere Man present this theme in the form of biculturalism whereas in the Two Virgins alienation stems from the lure for modernization. Nectar in a Sieve, Markandayaââ¬â¢s firstRead MoreLiterature : A New Realm Of Understanding Of Human Nature And Behavior1761 Words à |à 8 Pagesand reality being very narrow. The novel has a literary form is one of the most notable gifts of Britishers to India. A novel is a long narrative in literary prose. The origin of the English novel 1600-1740, combines historical analysis and readings of extraordinary analysis texts to receive the foundations of the dominant genre of the modern era now, on the fifteenth anniversary of its initial publication. The origin of novel written in the beginning of 1980 s created an important development in
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Business Btec Free Essays
Definition of marketing is the management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. For example, new Apple products are developed to include improved applications and systems, are set at different prices depending on how much capability the customer desires, and are sold in places where other Apple products are sold. Marketing is based on thinking about the business in terms of customer needs and their satisfaction. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Btec or any similar topic only for you Order Now The overall concept of marketing is a management philosophy according to which a irmââ¬â¢s goals can be best achieved through identification and satisfaction of the customers stated and unstated needs and wants. Companies should identify the needs of their customer and produce products and services to satisfy those needs. The production concept is a philosophy that consumers will favour products and services that are widely available and highly affordable and that management should therefore focus on improving production and distribution efficiency this is relevant to Nike as they do this with small products cheaper products such as accessories and ports equipment relying on economies of scale to make profit on products that are priced cheaper. Private sector can be explained as a business owned by private individual or groups and there main aims and objective and one of those objectives is to make a profit, and growth mean that they can -maximise their profits by reinvesting in the business. The main aim of a private sector business is survival as they want the business to last and not go bust. The main aim and objectives of my two business which are Apple and Nike theirs is to remain marketing leader in there industry. Public sector is part of an economy that is controlled by the government and is not run for profit such as schools and hospitals. The Voluntary sector is part of the economy that consists of non-profit making organisation such as charities and is run by volunteers. The public sector and voluntary measure their progress not by profits but with other factors such as service provision, growth of range of provisions, cost limitations and meeting quality. Service provision the act of performing a task for a business or person that wants or requires it in exchange for acceptable ompensation. A business that using service provision needs high quality trained staff such as the fire department that are available to preform what is need of them in a situation and doing the Job to the best they can. Growth of range of provisions is the number of services a public or voluntary sector do and the quality they do such a school offering extra courses things such as after school clubs to helps the studentââ¬â¢s and develop. Cost limitation is used to see if the businesses have used the funds they have at had adequately as for public sector organisations such as school hey will need to distribute the money they receive to get the best out of there students. Meeting quality standards are used in the public and voluntary sector as for hospitals they rely on this as lives are in danger and will need to provide a standard to the people seeking help. Marketing objectives the group of goals set by a business when promoting its products or services to potential consumers that objectives may be based on factors other than survival and growth. Market leadership is the position of a company with the largest market share or highest profitability margin in a given market for goods and services. Market share may be measured by either the volume of goods sold or the value of those goods. This links both to Nike and Apple as they are the market leaders in the given markets. Brand awareness is the likelihood that consumers recognise the presence and availability of a companyââ¬â¢s product or service. Creating brand awareness is one of the key steps in promoting a product both for Nike and Apple they do this very well as they are recognised globally plus have such iconic logos that are easily recognisable. Perception of customers is a marketing concept that encompasses customerââ¬â¢s impression awareness and/or consciousness about a company or its offerings. Customer perception is typically affected by advertising, reviews, public relations, social media, personal experiences and other channels. Ansoff was known best for developing a strategies he Identified as the four categories for growing and the categories are market penetration, marketing development, product development and diversification. Market penetration the activity or fact of increasing the market share of an existing product, or promoting a new product, through strategies such s bundling, advertising, lower prices, or volume discounts. Marketing development is the act of increasing the total market served by a company by finding new customers and markets, or providing new products to existing customers and markets. An example of this for Nike is their sports clothes and trainers are always developing and coming out with new ideas. Product development this strategy entails finding new markets for existing products. Market research and further segmentation of markets helps to identify new groups of customers. An example for Nike is producing a new winter line or a new product or material such as Dri-fit. Diversification this involves moving new products into new markets at the same time. It is the most risky strategy. The more an organisation moves away from what it has done in the past the more uncertainties are created. However, if existing activities are threatened, diversification helps to spread risk. Survival strategies are used by many businesses as they are faced with having to develop there strategies to survive such as economising the business to reduce expenses. This would lead to the business being less profitable and have a smaller market impact and awareness. In business a rand is a unique design, sign, symbol, words, or a combination of these, employed in creating an image that identifies a product and differentiates it from its competitors making it stand out and easy to remember. The process involved in creating a unique name and image for a product in the consumers mind, mainly through advertising campaigns with a consistent theme. Branding is used by both businesses as they have brand name, a logo and a slogan. They are both such powerful brands worldwide. They both have brand extension and are always looking to keep brand building as well as both do brand extension. How to cite Business Btec, Papers
Monday, May 4, 2020
Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report free essay sample
The lab experiment examined meiosis and genetic diversity through the model organism, Sordaria fimicola. Meiosis is part of the sexual life cycle and occurs in all sexually reproducing organisms. It is a method of cell division that produces gametes. Meiosis has two parts: meiosis I and meiosis II. Both parts undergo the same four stages of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telaphase. The process begins with one single parent diploid cell (that contain homologous chromosomes) that divides into four daughter haploid cells which each contain half the number of chromosomes that the original parent cell contained. Both independent assortment and crossing over occur in meiosis I. Crossing over rearranges the DNA sequences that are then inherited and passed down to future offspring. This rearrangement, or recombination results in genetic variation within a species. The mechanisms controlling these crossover events are undefined. Recent existing evidence argues that harsh environmental pressures may lead to heritable changes in mechanisms controlling recombination. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Sordaria Lab Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Much of this evidence has come from studies done at the Evolution Canyons in Israel. There are four ââ¬Å"Evolution Canyonsâ⬠, each of which consists of two mountain slopes with varying climates. Evolution Canyon I, located in Lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, contains a south facing slope (SFS) which experiences harsh climatic conditions, such as high temperatures and drought. The opposing north facing slope (NFS) is characterized by mild climatic conditions, including cooler temperatures and higher humidity. Evolution Canyon serves as a model for microevolution and can be used to study how mutation and recombination contribute to adaptation and genetic diversity. The study published in the Genetics Journal and referred to in the biology laboratory manual studied whether there is a natural genetic variation for recombination frequencies and whether it correlates to environmental conditions and adaptation. The research was conducted on Evolution Canyon I and focused on the fungi organism, Sordaria fimicola. Several asexual filaments of S. imicola were collected on different levels of each slope. The specimens were grown in the laboratory, where wild type spores from these crosses were then self-crossed to create a second generation of wild type spores. First, the filaments were grown on cornmenal agar with sodium acetate at 18 degrees and then crosses were completed on minimal medium at 17. 5 degrees. Spontaneous spore color mutations appeared as non-black spores in the wild type strains. Also, the researchers plated the parithecia (the fruiting body of the S. imicola that contains ascospores) on growth medium containing acriflavin (a fungicide) and spontaneous acriflavin-resistant mutants formed. The strains were used to study varying mutation frequencies of wild type strains from the two different slopes on Evolution Canyon. Also, these strains were used to study the variations in crossover and gene conversion frequencies on the two opposing slopes. Their results revealed that wild type strains from the SFS experienced higher mutation rates than those strains obtained from the NFS. Although much less apparent, there were also slight differences in crossover frequencies within slopes. The results provide evidence that mechanisms controlling mutation and recombination may adapt heritable changes in response to the harsh climatic demands, particularly with the SFS. Therefore, increased genetic diversity within a species may depend on the organismsââ¬â¢ environmental conditions. By understanding the factors controlling recombination, more can be known about genetic variation within a species.
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